Linhas de montagem: revisão da literatura e oportunidades para pesquisas futuras
Assembly lines: existing work and avenues for future research
Silva, Glauco Garcia M. P. da; Tubino, Dalvio Ferrari; Seibel, Silene
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132014005000001
Production, vol.25, n1, p.170-182, 2015
Resumo
Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar as principais características de pesquisa no tema linhas de montagem, a fim de propor oportunidades para trabalhos futuros. Para tanto, foram revisadas 226 publicações relevantes sobre o tema nos últimos 50 anos (1960-2010) e analisados os principais assuntos, métodos e conteúdos dos trabalhos estudados. Como resultado, observa-se uma concentração de publicações em balanceamento e sequenciamento de linhas de montagem através de métodos de modelagem e experimentos computacionais, além de significativa quantidade de estudos de linhas de modelos mistos, justificada pela crescente demanda por variedade e customização dos produtos. Existe um desafio para a pesquisa de linhas de montagem que é traduzir para os modelos gerados a complexidade dos aspectos reais do funcionamento e configurações das linhas de montagem existentes. Diversos autores enfatizam dificuldades para obter modelos aplicáveis em diversos casos e situações específicas da realidade. Os autores apontam que existem decisões estratégicas importantes para as configurações das linhas que antecedem a utilização dos modelos disponíveis. Conclui-se que há oportunidades para trabalhos científicos relacionados às pesquisas práticas e aplicadas que envolvam casos e problemas reais, além de para uma abordagem mais ampla do tema, considerando os aspectos multidisciplinares das linhas de montagem e seu relacionamento com as estratégias de produção adotadas pelas empresas.
Palavras-chave
Linha de montagem. Processos de montagem. Revisão da literatura. Bibliometria
Abstract
The goal of this paper was to identify the main characteristics of assembly line research to propose avenues for future work. We reviewed 226 relevant publications written on the topic in the last 50 years (1960 to 2010) and analyzed the main issues, methods and content of these works. As a result, we found a large number of publications concerned with the balancing and sequencing of assembly lines through modeling and computational experimental methods. We also identified a trend in mixed models line studies, justified by the growing demand for product variety and customization. However, a major challenge in this type of research involves representing the complexity and practical aspects of existing assembly line operation and settings in the developed models. Several authors have emphasized the difficulty of obtaining models that can be applied to several cases and specific real situations. The authors noted that major strategic decisions for assembly line configurations have preceded the use of available models and should be studied further. We conclude by identifying avenues for scientific research on practical and applied cases involving real problems, in addition to a broader approach on the subject that could consider the multidisciplinary aspects of assembly lines and their relationship with the production strategies adopted by companies.
Keywords
Assembly line. Assembly processes. Literature review. Bibliometrics
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