A integração do cliente no processo de desenvolvimento de produto: revisão bibliográfica sistemática e temas para pesquisa
Customer integration in the product development process: a systematic bibliographic review and themes for research
González, Mario Orestes A.; Toledo, José Carlos de
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132011005000065
Prod, vol.22, n1, p.14-26, 2012
Resumo
Este artigo apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática e aponta direções de pesquisa para o tema integração do cliente (IC) no processo de desenvolvimento de produto. Esse tema é considerado relevante na bibliografia das áreas de marketing, qualidade, inovação tecnológica e estratégia competitiva por permitir às empresas conhecerem melhor as reais necessidades do mercado, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de produtos mais adequados ao mercado e usar o conhecimento acumulado pelos clientes. Foram levantados 72 artigos que abordam esse tema no período de 1980 a 2008. O interesse pelo tema, no meio acadêmico, tem aumentado significativamente desde 2002, o que se constata pelo aumento no número de artigos publicados e pela incorporação do tema a capítulos de livros sobre gestão de desenvolvimento de produto. Identificaram-se as seguintes dimensões que compreendem o tema e que predominam nas pesquisas relatadas nos artigos analisados: fundamentos para a integração do cliente no processo de desenvolvimento do produto, critérios para seleção de clientes, tipos de interação entre a empresa e seus clientes e benefícios obtidos com a integração do cliente (IC). Para futuras pesquisas, recomenda-se aprofundar, por meio de estudo de casos e de survey, a compreensão que as empresas têm sobre o tema, as práticas adotadas e as relações e sinergia entre as dimensões, bem como as relações de causa e efeito entre as práticas e o desempenho do processo de desenvolvimento de produto.
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento de produto. Integração do cliente. Revisão bibliográfica sistemática. Integração do cliente no desenvolvimento de produto.
Abstract
This paper presents a systematic bibliographic review and points out research directions for the Customer Integration in the Product Development Process theme. This theme is considered significant in the bibliography of Marketing, Quality, Technological Innovation and Competitive Strategy, because it enables companies to know better the real market needs, contribute to the development of better products, and use the knowledge gained by customers. 72 articles that address this issue, from 1980 to 2008, were collected. The interest in the topic by the academic area has increased significantly since 2002; it can be noted by the growth on the amount of articles published and by the incorporation of this theme in books chapters on management of product development. The following dimensions that involve the subject and predominate in the articles analyzed are identified below: fundamentals for customers’ integration, criteria by the choice of customers, types of interaction between the enterprise, and its customers and the benefits obtained by the customers’ integration on product development. Future in-depth studies, through case study and research, is recommended on the understanding of the theme, the practices and relations between the dimensions, as well as on the relations of cause and effect between the practices and the performance of product development process.
Keywords
Product development. Customer integration. Systematic bibliographic review. Customer integration on product development.
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