Mapeamento do modelo de processos de negócio do EKD em redes de Petri
Mapping of the business processes model the EKD in Petri nets
Pádua, Silvia Inês D. de; Inamasu, Ricardo Yassushi
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132008000200005
Prod, vol.18, n2, p.260-274, 2008
Resumo
O EKD - Enterprise Knowledge Development - é uma metodologia que fornece uma forma sistemática e controlada de analisar, entender, desenvolver e documentar uma organização. Infelizmente não possui uma sintaxe e semântica bem definidas, dificultando análises mais complexas dos modelos. Como resultado, o modelo de processos de negócio do EKD pode ser ambíguo e de difícil análise, principalmente em sistemas mais complexos, não sendo possível verificar a consistência e completude do modelo. Neste trabalho, esses problemas serão tratados sob uma abordagem baseada em redes de Petri. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o mapeamento do modelo de processos de negócios do EKD em redes de Petri. O mapeamento permitirá que o modelo de processos de negócios do EKD seja analisado de forma que seja possível verificar a consistência e completude do modelo.
Palavras-chave
Modelo de processos de negócios, formalização do modelo de processos de negócio, redes de Petri, modelagem organizacional, EKD
Abstract
The EKD - Enterprise Knowledge Development - is a methodology that gives a systematic and controlled way to analyze, understand, develop, and document an Enterprise. Unfortunately it doesn't have syntax neither a semantic well defined, which doesn't help on more complex analyses of the models. As a result, the Enterprise Process model of EKD can be ambiguous and hard to analyze, especially on more complex systems, and also it is not possible to verify the consistency and entireness of the model. On this paper, these problems will be studied under an approach based on Petri Nets. This work has the objective to develop a mapping of the business process model of EKD. Such mapping will make possible the verification of possible building and locking model errors.
Keywords
Business process model, Petri nets, enterprise modeling, assessment of business process model, EKD
References
AALST, W. M. P. V. D. Formalization and verification of event-driven process chains. Information and Software Technology, London, v. 41, n. 10, p. 639-650, July, 1999.
______. Verification of workflow nets. In: AZEMA, P.; BALBO, G. (Ed.). Application and theory of petri nets. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. (Lectures Notes in Computer Science).1997.
______. The Aplication of petri nets to workflow management. The Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, Singapure, v. 8, n. 1, p. 21-68, 1998.
______. Workflow Verification: Finding control-flow errors petri-net-based techniques. In: AALST, V.D.W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: model, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p. 161-183. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 1806), 2000.
AALST, W. M. P. V. D; HOFSTEDE, A.H.M.T. Verification of workflow task structures a petri-net-based approach. Information Systems, Oxford, v. 25, n. 1, p. 43-69, 2000.
AALST, W. V. D.; HEE, V. K. Workflow management: models, methods and systems. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002.
ADAM, N. R.; ATLURI, V.; HUANG, W. K. Modeling and analysis of workflows using petri nets. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, Norwell, v. 10, n. 2, p. 1-29. Special Issue on Workflow and Process Management, 1998.
BADOUEL, E.; OLIVER, J. Reconfigurable nets, a class of high level petri nets supporting dynamic changes within workflow systems. Publication Interne IRISA PI 1163, 1998.
BERIO,G.; PETIT, M. Enterprise modelling and UML: (sometimes) a conflit without a case. In: ISPE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONCURRENT ENGINEERING: research and applications, 10., Proceedings. Madeira Island, 2003.
BUBENKO JR., J. A.; STIRNA, J.; BRASH, D. EKD user guide, Dpt of computer and systems sciences. Stockholm: Royal Institute of Technology. 1998.
CHEN-BURGER, Y. Knowledge sharing and inconsistency cheking on multiple enterprise models. In: IJCAR INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, Sienna. Automated reasoning: Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2083), 2001.
CHEN-BURGER, Y.; STADER, J. Formal support for adaptive workflow systems in a distributed environment. In: FISCHER, I.; LAYNA, M. (Ed.). Workflow handbook 2003. Lighthouse Point, FL, USA: Future Strategies. (Workflow Management Coalition), 2003.
CHEN-BURGER, Y.; TATE, A.; ROBERTSON, D. Enterprise modelling: a declarative approach for FBPML. In: EUROPEAN CONFERENCE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONAL MEMORIES WORKSHOP, Proceedings. Lyon. 2002.
CHRZASTOWSKI-WACHTEL, P. et al. A top-down petri net-based approach for dynamic workflow modeling. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE BPM. Eindhoven. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 336-353. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2678), 2003.
CINDIO, F. et al. CHAOS: a knowledge-based system for conversing within offices, office knowledge representation, management and utilization. Lamersdorf: W.Elsevier Science; B.V.North-Holland, p. 257-275. 1998.
DALLAVALLE, S. I. CAZARINI, E. W. Modelagem Organizacional Desenvolvimento do Conhecimento Organizacional, Facilitador de Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Informação. In: Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, 11. Salvador, Anais. Salvador: [s.n.]. CD-ROM. 2001
DERHNERT, J. Four steps towards sound business process models. In: EHRIG., H. et al. (Ed.). Petri net technology for communication-based systems- advances in petri nets. Berlin : Springer. p. 66-82. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2472). 2003.
DELLAROCAS, C.; KLEINS, M. A knowledge-based approach for designing robust business processes. In: VAN DER AALST, W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. (Ed.). Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 50-65. (Lectures Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
DESEL, J.; ERWIN, T. Modeling simulation and analysis of business process. In: AALST,V.D.W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 129-141. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
DONGEN, V. B. F et al. Verification of the SAP reference models using EPC reduction, state-space analysis, and invariants. Computers in Industry. v. 58 , n. 6, p. 578-601, 2007.
ELLIS, C. A.; NUTT, G. J. Workflow: the process spectrum. In: NSF WORKSHOP ON WORKFLOW AND PROCESS AUTOMATION IN INFORMATION SYSTEM: state-of-the-art and future directions, 1996, Athens. Proceedings. Arlington: NSP. p. 140-145. 1996.
ESHUIS, R.; DEHNERT, J. Reactive petri nets for workflow modeling. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE APPLICATIONS AND THEORY OF PETRI NETS, 24. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 296-315. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2679). 2003
FERSCHA, A. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of business workflows using generalized stochastic petri nets. In: WORKFLOW MANAGEMENT - challenges, paradigms and products, 1994, Linz. Proceedings. Oldenbourg: Verlag. p. 222-234. 1994.
GRIGOROVA, K. Process modelling using petri nets. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGIES: e-learning, 4., 2003, Rousse. p.95-100. Disponível em:
GUAN, F. et al. Grid-Flow: a Grid-enabled scientific workflow system with a Petri-net-based interface. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, v. 18, n. 10, p. 1115-1140. 2006.
HEE, K. M.; REIJERS, H. A. Using formal analysis techniques in business process redesign. In: VAN DER AALST, W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. (Ed.). Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 142-160. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
HEE, K. M. V.; REIJERS, H. M. Using formal analysis techniques in business process redesign. In: AALST,V.D.W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 142-160. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
HOLT, A. P. Management-oriented models of business process. In: AALST, V. D. W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 99-109. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
JANSSENS, G. K.; VERELST, J.; WEYN, B. Techniques for modeling workflows their support of reuse. In: AALST, V. D. W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 1-15. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
JONKERS, H. et al. Towards a language for coherent enterprise architecture descriptions. In: IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, 7., 2003, Brisbane. Proceedings. Los Alamintos: IEEE Computer Society. 2003a
______. Concepts for modelling enterprise architectures. In: Landeluk Architectut Congress, 2003. Disponível em:
JUNGINGER, S. et al. Building complex workflow applications: how to overcome the limitations for the waterfall model. In: FISCHER, L. (Ed.). Workflow Management Coalition: the workflow handbook 2001. Disponível em:
KIRITSIS, D.; NEUENDORF, K.; XIROUCHAKIS, P. Petri net techniques for process planning and cost estimation. Advances in Engineering Software, Oxford, v. 30, p. 375-387, June, 1999.
KNOLMAYER, G. et al. Modeling processes and workflows by business rules. In: VAN DER AALST, W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. (Ed.). Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p.16-29. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806). 2000.
KOUBARAKIS, M.; PLEXOUSAKIS, D. A formal framework for business process modelling and design. Information Systems, Oxford, v. 27, n. 5, p. 299-319, 2002
KRUCHTEN, P. The rational unified process. 2. ed. Harlow: Addison-Wesley. 2000.
LENZ, K; MEVIUS, M.; OBERWEIS, A. Process-Oriented Business Performance Management with Petri Nets. In: IEEE International Conference on e-Technology, e-Commerce and e-Service (EEE'05), 2005, p. 89-92, 2005.
LI, J. et al. MAS: a declarative formalism for hierarchical representation of procedural knowledge. IEEE Transaction on Knowledge and Data Engineering, New York, v. 6, n. 4, p. 639-643, 1994.
McDERMID, D. C. Integrated business process management: using state-based business rules to communicate between disparate stakeholders. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE BPM 2003, 2003, Eindhoven. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 58-71. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2678). 2003.
MERZ, M. et al. Workflow modeling and execution with coloured petri net in COSM. In: WORKSHOP ON APPLICATIONS OF PETRI NET TO PROTOCOLS WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON APPLICATION AND THEORY OF PETRI NET, 16., 1995, Turin. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 1-12,1995.
MEVIUS, M. OBERWEIS, A. A Petri-Net Based Approach to Performance Management of Collaborative Business Processes. In: 16th International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications (DEXA'05). University of Karlsruhe, University of Karlsruhepp. 987-991, 2005.
MOLD, D.; VALK, R. Object oriented petri net in business process modeling. In: AALST, V. D. W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p. 254-273. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806), 2000.
NEIGER, D.; CHURILOV, L. Structuring business objectives: a business process modeling perspective. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE BPM 2003, 2003, Eindhoven. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 72-87. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2678), 2003.
NURCAN, A.; ROLLAND, C. A multi-method for defining the organizational change. Journal of Information and Software Technology, London, v. 45, n. 2, p. 61-82, 2003.
NURCAN, S. Analysis and design of co-operative work process a framework. Information and Software Technology. London, v. 40, n. 3, p. 143-156, 1998.
NURCAN, S.; BARRIOS, J. Enterprise knowledge and information system modelling in na evolving enviroment. In INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON ENGINEERING METHODS TO SUPPRTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS EVOLUTION IN CONJUNCTION WITH, Proceedings. Geneva, 2003.
NUTT, G. J. The Evolution towards. Flexible workflow systems. Distributed Systems Engineering, v. 3, n. 4 , p. 276-294, 1996.
OBERWEIS, A. An Integrated approach for the specification of processes and related complex structured objects in business applications. Decision Support Systems, Amsterdam, v. 17, n. 1, p. 31-53, 1996.
OBERWEIS, A. et al.. INCOME/WF-A petri-net based aproach to workflow Management. In: KRALLMANN, H. (Ed.). Wirtschaftsinformatik'97. Berlin : Springer-Verlag. p. 557-580, 1997.
OU-YANG, C.; LIN Y. D. BPMN-based business process model feasibility analysis: a petri net approach. International Journal of Production Research. v. 45, n. 12, 2007.
PÁDUA, S.I.D. Investigação do processo de desenvolvimento de software a partir da modelagem organizacional, enfatizando regras do negócio. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 145 p., 2001.
PÁDUA, S. I. D. Método de Avaliação do modelo de processos de negócios. Tese (Doutorado) - Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 252 p., 2004.
PÁDUA, S. I. D.; CAZARINI, E. W.; INAMASU, R. Y. Modelagem Organizacional: captura dos requisitos organizacionais no desenvolvimento de sistemas de informação. Revista Gestão e Produção. v. 11, n. 2, p. 1-20. 2004.
PÁDUA, S. I. D.; SILVA, A. R. Y.; INAMASU, R. Y.; PORTO, A. J. V. Aplicações e Potencial das Redes de Petri na Engenharia de Produção. In: Simpósio de Engenharia de Produção, 10, Bauru, UNESP, 2003. Anais. Avaliable from WWW: URL: http://www.bauru.unesp.br/acontece/simpep.html [30 Nov. 2003] .
PÁDUA, S. I. D.; SILVA, A. R. Y.; INAMASU, R. Y.; PORTO, A. J. V. O potencial das redes de Petri em modelagem e análise de processos de negócios. Revista Gestão e Produção. v.11, n. 1, p. 1-11 2004.
PÁDUA, S. I. D; BISPO, C. A. F. Sistema de Gerenciamento de Workflow: um overview e um estudo de caso. In: Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, 13. Ouro Preto, Anais. Outro Preto: [s.n.]. CD-ROM, 2003.
PÁDUA, S. I. D; SILVA, A, R. Y.; INAMASU, R. Y.; PORTO, A. J. V. Redes de petri aplicadas aos sistemas de gerenciamento de Workflow (CD-ROM). In: Encontro Nacional de Engenharia de Produção, 12. Curitiba, Anais. Curitiba: [s.n.]. CD-ROM, 2002.
PERSSON, A. The utility of participative enterprise modelling in IS development - challenges and research issues. In: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING PROCESS, 2., 2000, Greenwich. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 978-982, 2000.
RINDERLE, S.; REICHERT, M.; DADAM, P. Evaluation of correctness criteria for dynamic workflow changes. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE BPM 2003, 2003, Eindhoven. Proceedings. Berlin: Springer. p. 41-57. (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2678), 2003.
ROLLAND, C.; PRAKASH, N.; KAABI, R. S. Variability in Business Process Families. Information Resources Management Association (IRMA), 2007.
ROLLAND, C; SOUVEYET, C.; AYED, M. B. Guiding Lyee User Requirements Capture. Knowledge Based System Journal (KBSJ), Intention and Software Process, v. 16, n. 7, p. 351-359, 2003.
ROLLAND, C.; NURCAN, S.; GROSZ, G. A Decision making pattern for guiding the enterprise knowledge development process. Journal of Information and Software Technology, v. 42, n. 5, p. 313-331, 2000.
SALIMIFARD, S.; WRIGHT M. Petri net based modelling of workflow systems: an overview. European Journal of Operational Research, Amsterdam, v. 134, n. 3, p. 664-676, 2001.
SANTANDER, V. F. A. Integrando modelagem organizacional com modelagem funcional. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 210 p., 2002.
SCHÖMIG, A. K.; RAU, H. A Petri net approach for the performance analysis of business processes. Wurzburg: University of Würzburg. Report n. 116 In: Seminar at IBFI, Schloss Dagstuhl, 1995.
TAYLOR, R.; TOFTS, C. Modelling, myth vs reality, map vs territory. Technical Reports HPL-2003-246 20031211 External. Disponível em:
VERBBEK H. M. W; AALST, W. M. P.; HOFSTEDE A. H. M. Verifying Workflows with Cancellation Regions and OR-joins: An Approach Based on Relaxed Soundness and Invariants. The Computer Journal Advance. Access published online on January 26, 2007.
VERBEEK, H. M. W.; BASTEN, T.; AALST, W. M. P. Diagnosing workflow using woflan. Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology. BETA Working Paper Series, WP 48, 2002.
VOORHOEVE, M.. Compositional modeling and verification of workflow process. In: AALST, V. D. W.; DESEL, J.; OBERWEIS, A. Business process management: models, techniques, and empirical studies. Berlin: Springer. p.184-200. (Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences, 1806), 2000.
WIKARSKI, D. An Introduction to modular process net. Berkeley: International Computer Science Institute. Technical Report TR-96-019. 1996.
WORKFLOW Management coliation: reference model. Document Number WFMC-TC00-1003 Document status - Issue, 1996
WORKFLOW Management coliation: terminology and glossary. Document Number WFMC-TC-1011 Document status - Issue, 1996.
ZHANG, L. SHUZHEN, Y Research on Workflow Patterns based on Petri nets. In: IEEE Conference on Cybernetics & Intelligent Systems (CIS) Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics (RAM), 2006, Bangkok, p. 1-6, 2006.
ZISMAN, M. D. Representation, specification and automation of office procedures. Thesis (PhD.) - University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School of Business. 1977.sobre os autores
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email