Inventário de ciclo de vida da manufatura de seringas odontológicas
Life cycle inventory of dental syringes
Giannetti, Biagio F.; Almeida, Cecilia M. Villas Bôas de; Bonilla, Silvia H.; Ribeiro, Celso Munhoz
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132008000100012
Prod, vol.18, n1, p.155-169, 2008
Resumo
Uma das formas mais integradas, completas e eficazes para a gestão ambiental de atividades produtivas é baseada no ciclo de vida do produto, sendo a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida sua principal ferramenta. O produto avaliado é a seringa odontológica tipo Carpule. O objetivo é a realização do Inventário de Ciclo de Vida (ICV) simplificado da fabricação de seringas odontológicas tipo Carpule, visando quantificar o uso de energia elétrica e a emissão de resíduos sólidos desde a mineração até o descarte do produto. A estrutura metodológica está baseada nas normas da série NBR ISO 14.040 e ISO 14.040. As fronteiras do estudo incluem as etapas de mineração, beneficiamento e manufatura; a produção do polietileno que compõe o tubete e a embalagem da agulha; a produção do aço, utilizado na fabricação da agulha, e o uso do conjunto pelos dentistas. A unidade funcional utilizada é 106 (um milhão) de anestesias aplicadas. Na avaliação de melhorias, as soluções propostas permitem reduzir o consumo de energia elétrica em aproximadamente 20% na etapa de manufatura. A quantidade de resíduos sólidos pode ser reduzida de 40% na etapa de manufatura, o que corresponde a aproximadamente 6,50% do total de resíduos sólidos no ciclo de vida da seringa odontológica.
Palavras-chave
Life cycle inventory of dental syringes
Abstract
Among the methods proposed to environmental management of productive activities, Life Cycle Assessment is one of the most integrated, complete and efficacious. The product assessed is the dental carpule syringe. The aim of this work is to to perform a Streamlined Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) to quantify the electric energy consumption and the solid waste release from dental carpule syringes manufacture. The methodological structure is based on NBR ISO 14.040 and ISO 14.040 series. The LCI covers the syringe life cycle from mining to disposal. The limits of the system include the stages of copper and zinc mining and ore beneficiation; the production of polyethylene used for carpule and needle packing, the production of the steel for needles and syringe coils; and the use of the whole set by dentists. The functional unit was defined as 106 (one million) applied anaesthesies. During improvement assessment, the proposed solutions allow reducing the electric energy consumption at about 20% in the manufacture stage. The solid waste quantity may be reduced nearly 40% in the manufacture stage, corresponding to approximately 6.50 % of the total solid waste released during the whole life cycle of the dental carpule syringe.
Keywords
Life cycle inventory, dental carpule syringe, solid wastes, electricity consumption, dematerialization
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