Implementação e difusão do programa Seis Sigma no Brasil
Six Sigma program implementation and diffusion in Brazil
Carvalho, Marly Monteiro de; Ho, Linda Lee; Pinto, Silvia Helena B.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132007000300007
Prod, vol.17, n3, p.468-501, 2007
Resumo
Os objetivos deste trabalho são identificar o grau de difusão, os principais aspectos da implantação e os resultados obtidos com a adoção do programa Seis Sigma em empresas brasileiras de grande porte. A abordagem metodológica adotada foi um levantamento do tipo survey, cujas informações foram coletadas através de um questionário estruturado preenchido por 198 profissionais da área de qualidade de diferentes empresas de grande porte. Os resultados sugerem que mesmo em empresas de grande porte a difusão do Seis Sigma ainda não é expressiva (23,5%). As empresas que implementaram este programa já possuíam em sua maioria outros programas de qualidade adotados e relataram ter obtido ganhos financeiros superiores ao montante investido na implementação do Seis Sigma, bem com ganhos de qualidade e de produtividade. Além disso, as empresas relataram existir sinergia entre a implementação do Seis Sigma e de outras abordagens de gestão da qualidade.
Palavras-chave
Programas de qualidade, programa Seis Sigma, gestão da qualidade
Abstract
The objectives of this paper are to identify the degree of diffusion, the main aspects of the Six Sigma program implementation and its results in the largest Brazilian companies. The research methodology approach was a survey, data were gathered from a structured questionnaire answered by 198 professionals responsible for the quality area in largest Brazilian companies from different sectors. The results pointed out that even in the largest companies; the diffusion of the Six Sigma quality program is not expressive (23.5%). In most of the companies that have implemented such quality program had yet other quality programs implemented. Financial profits and quality and productivity improvement were results reported by the respondents. Moreover, the companies highlight the synergy of the Six Sigma program and other quality management approaches.
Keywords
Quality programs, Six Sigma program, quality management
References
AGUIAR, S. Integração das ferramentas da qualidade ao PDCA e ao programa Seis Sigma. Belo Horizonte: Editora de Desenvolvimento Gerencial, 2002.
ANBARI, F. T. Six Sigma Method and Its Applications in Project Management. Proceedings of the Project Management Institute Annual Seminars and Symposium. Project Management Institute. San Antonio, Texas, Oct, 2002.
ANTONY, J.; BANUELAS, R. Key ingredients for the effective implementation of Six Sigma program. Measuring Business Excellence, v. 6 (4), p. 20-27, 2002.
ANTONY, J. Six Sigma in the UK service organisations: results from a pilot survey. Managerial Auditing Journal, v. 19, n. 8, p. 1006-1013, 2004.
ARNHEITER, D.A.; MALEYEFF, J. The integration of lean management and Six Sigma. The TQM Magazine, v. 17 (1), p. 5-18, 2005.
BABBIE, E. Métodos de pesquisa de survey. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG, 1999.
BASU, R. Six-Sigma to operational excellence: role of tools and techniques. International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, v. 1 (1), p. 44-64, 2004.
BLAKESLEE JR, J. A. Achieving quantum leaps in quality and competitiveness: implementing the Six Sigma solution in your company. ASQ's 53rd Annual Quality Congress Proceedings. USA, 2001. Anais. p. 486-496.
BOARIN PINTO, S. H.; CARVALHO, M. M.; LINDA, L. H. Implementação de programas de qualidade: um survey em empresas de grande porte no Brasil. Gestão & Produção, v. 13 (2), p. 191-203, 2006.
BREYFOGLE, F. W. Implementing Six Sigma, smarter solutions – Using Statistical Methods, New York: Wiley, 1999.
BRYMAN, A. Research methods and organization studies. London: Routledge, 1989.
CAMPANELLA, J. Principles of Quality Costs: principles, implementation and use. 3. ed. Milwaukee: ASQ Quality Press, 1999.
CARVALHO, M. M.; ROTONDARO, R. G. Gestão da qualidade em serviços. In: CARVALHO, M. M..; PALADINI, E.P. (Org.). Gestão da Qualidade: Teoria e Casos. Rio de Janeiro: Campus, p. 331-351, 2006.
CARVALHO, M. M. Selecionado Projetos Seis Sigma. ROTONDARO, R. G. (Org.) Seis Sigma estratégia gerencial para a melhoria dos processos, produtos e serviços. São Paulo: Atlas, p.49-79, 2002.
CONNOR, G. Benefiting from Six Sigma. Manufacturing Engineering, v. 130 (2), p. 53-59, Feb. 2003.
COOPER, N. P.; NOORNAN, P. Do teams and Six Sigma go together. Quality Progress, p. 25-28, June, 2003.
COOPER, R. D., SCHINDLER, P. S. Método de pesquisa em administração. 7. ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman: 2003.
DALE, B. G., WILLIAMS, R. T.; WIELE, T. Marginalisation of quality: is there a case to answer? The TQM Magazine, v. 12 (4), p. 266-274, 2000.
DEFEO, J. A. Six Sigma: New opportunities for HR, new career growth for employees. Employment Relations Today, v. 27(2), p. 1-6, 2000.
De MAST, J. A methodological comparison of three strategies for quality improvement. The International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, v. 21, n. 2, p.198-213, 2004.
ECKES, G. The Six Sigma revolution: How General Electric and others turned process into profits. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
ELLIOTT, George. The race to Six Sigma. Industrial Engineer, p. 30-35, Oct. 2003.
GODOY, A. S. Pesquisa qualitativa: tipos fundamentais. RAE - Revista de Administração de Empresas, São Paulo, v. 35, n. 3, p. 20-29, 1995.
HAIR JR., J. F.; TATHAM, R. L.; ANDERSON, R. E.; BLACK, W. Análise multivariada de dados. 5. ed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2005.
HAMMER, M. Process management and the of Six Sigma. MIT Sloan Management Review, p. 26-33, Winter 2002.
HARRY, M. J. Six Sigma: a breakthrough strategy for profitability. Quality Progress, p. 60-65, Mai 1998.
HARRY, M.; SCHROEDER, R. Six Sigma: the breakthrough management strategy revolutionizing the world's top corporations. Nova York: Currency, 2000.
HEUVEL, J. D.; DOES, R. J. M. M.; VERVER, J. P. S. Six Sigma in healthcare: lessons learned from a hospital. International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage. n. 4(1), p. 380-388, 2005.
HOERL, R. Six Sigma black belts: what do they need to know. Journal of Quality Technology, v. 33 (4), 2001.
HOERL, R.; SNEE, R. D. Statistical thinking: improving business performance. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury Press, 2002.
INGLE, S.; ROE, W. Six Sigma. Black Belt Implementation, v. 13 (4), p. 273-280, 2001.
JOHNSON, A., SWISHER, B. How six sigma improves R&D, Research Technology Management, March-April, p. 12-15, 2003.
JURAN, J. M. Quality Control Handbook. McGraw-Hill, 2. ed., 1962.
KWAK, Y.; ANBARI, F. Benefits, obstacles, and future of six sigma approach. Technovation, xx, p. 1-8, 2004.
KRUGLIANSKAS, I. Engenharia simultânea e técnicas associadas em empresas tecnologicamente dinâmicas. Revista de Administração, v. 30, n. 2, p. 25-38, 1995.
LLORÉNS-MONTES, J. F.; MOLINA, L. M. Six Sigma and management theory: processes, content and effectiveness. Total Quality Management, n. 4 (17), p. 485-506, 2006.
LINDERMAN, K.; SCHROEDER, R.G.; ZAHEER, S.; CHOO, A. Six Sigma: a goal-theoretic perspective. Journal Operations Management, p. 193-203, 2003.
LYNCH, D. P.; BERTOLINO, S.; CLOUTIER, E. How to scope DMAIC projects. Quality Progress, p. 37-42, Jan. 2003.
MCADAM, R.; EVANS, A. The organizational contextual factors affecting the implementation of Six Sigma in a high technology mass-manufacturing environment. International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, v. 1 (1), p. 29-43, 2004.
MCADAM, R.; LAFFERTY, B. A multi-level case study critique of six sigma: statistical control or strategic change? International Journal of Operations & Production Management, v. 24 (5), p. 530-49, 2004.
MITCHELL, B. The Six Sigma appeal. Engineering Management Journal, p. 41-47, Feb. 1992.
OLEXA, R. Flying high with Six Sigma. Manufacturing Engineering, v. 130 (2), p. 69-73, Feb. 2003.
PANDE, P S.; NEUMAN, R. P.; CAVANAGH, R. R. Estratégia Seis Sigma. Como a GE, a Motorola e outras grandes empresas estão aguçando seu desempenho. Rio de Janeiro: Qualitymark, 2001.
PFEIFER, T., REISSIGER, W., CANALES C. Integrating six sigma with quality management systems. The TQM Magazine, v. 16 (4), p. 241-249, 2004.
PHILLIPS, E. J. Six Sigma: the breakthrough management strategy revolutionizing the world's top corporations. Consulting Management, v. 13 (4), p. 57-59, Dec. 2002.
RICONDO, I., VILES, E. Six Sigma and it links to TQM, Re-engineering, Lean and Learning Organization. In: First International Conference on Six Sigma, 1., Glasgow, 2004. Anais. Glasgow, 2004. p. 29-43.
ROBERTS, C. M. Six Sigma signals. Credit Union Magazine, p. 40-45, Jan. 2004.
ROTONDARO, R. G. Visão Geral. ROTONDARO, R. G. (Org.) Seis Sigma estratégia gerencial para a melhoria dos processos, produtos e serviços. São Paulo: Atlas, 2002, p. 17-22.
SEHWAIL, L.; DE YONG, C. Six sigma in health care. International Journal of Healthcare Quality Assurance, v. 16 (4), p. 1-5, 2003.
SENAPATI, N. R. Six Sigma: myths and realities. International Journal of Quality & Realibility Management, v. 21, n. 6, p. 683-690, 2004.
SHANKAR, N. K. ISO 9000: integration Europe and North America. European Quality, p. 20-29, Sept. 2003.
SNEE, R. D.; HOERL, R. W. A Step-by-Step Guide Based on Experience with GE and Other Six Sigma Companies. Financial Times. Prentice Hall, 2002.
SNEE, R. D. Six-Sigma: the evolution of 100 years of business improvement methodology. International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage, v. 1 (1), p. 4-20, 2004.
STARBIRD, D. Business Excellence: Six Sigma as a management system. ASQ's 56th Annual Quality Congress Proceedings. Anais, p. 47-55, 2002.
SUN, H.; LI, S.; HO, K.; GESTERN, F.; HANSEN, P.; FRICK, J. The trajectory of implementing ISO 9000 standards versus total quality management in Western Europe. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, v. 21 (2), p. 131-153, 2004.
VALOR 1000. As 1000 maiores empresas e as campeãs por setor e região. Jornal Valor Econômico, Jul. 2004.
WATSON, J. J. Satisfaction through Six Sigma. Engineered Systems, p. 94-98, Mar. 2003.
WELCH, J. Jack Welch por Jack Welch. HSM Management, p.18-30, Nov./Dec. 2003a.
WELCH, J. Os difusores: GE e Jack Welch. HSM Management, p. 86-90, May/June 2003b.
WOLEK, F. W. The lesson of guild history: variance reduction must be balanced with innovation. The Quality Management Journal, v. 11 (2), p. 33-40, 2004.
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email