Barriers to occupational health and safety management in small Brazilian enterprises
Garnica, Guilherme Bess; Barriga, Gladys Dorotea Cacsire
Abstract
Paper aims: To determine main barriers to the implementation of occupational health and safety management systems OHSMS in the context of small Brazilian enterprises from the perspectives of owners/managers, labor auditors, and OHS consultants. Originality: Survey with three different perspectives on small Brazilian enterprises. Research method: Survey conducted with stakeholders who influence the safety culture in small enterprises to identify the main barriers to the implementation of OHSMS. Main findings: Owners/managers tend to blame employees and the government for difficulty in implementing OHSMS, and external actors tend to blame management and resource allocation. Opinions converge on inappropriate management behavior, ineffective information and communication and production prioritization. Implications for theory and practice: These barriers should be overcome not only to facilitate the implementation of OHSMS but also to improve the conditions for the management of all small business operations.
Keywords
References
Abad, J., Lafuente, E., & Vilajosana, J. (2013). An assessment of the OHSAS 18001 certification process: Objective drivers and consequences on safety performance and labour productivity. Safety Science, 60, 47-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.06.011.
Almeida, C. L., & Nunes, A. B. A. (2014). Proposta de indicadores para avaliação de desempenho dos Sistemas de Gestão Ambiental e de Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho de Empresas do ramo de engenharia consultiva. Gestão & Produção, 21(4), 810-820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X649.
Bonafede, M., Corfiati, M., Gagliardi, D., Boccuni, F., Ronchetti, M., Valenti, A., Marinaccio, A., & Iavicoli, S. (2016). OHS management and employers’ perception: differences by firm size in a large Italian company survey. Safety Science, 89, 11-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2016.05.012.
Brasil. (2015). Anuário estatístico da previdência social. Brasília: MPS/DATAPREV/INSS. Cagno, E., Masi, D., & Leão, C. P. (2016). Drivers for OSH interventions in small and medium-sized enterprises. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 22(1), 102-115. PMid:26654679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803548.2015.1117351.
Champoux, D., & Brun, J. (2003). Occupational health and safety management in small size enterprises: an overview of the situation and avenues for intervention and research. Safety Science, 41(4), 301-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7535(02)00043-7.
Correa, C. R. P., & Cardoso Junior, M. M. (2007). Análise e classificação dos fatores humanos nos acidentes industriais. Production, 17(1), 186-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132007000100013.
Costa, A. T. (2008). Manual de segurança e saúde no trabalho: normas regulamentadoras NRs (4. ed.). São Caetano do Sul: Difusão Editora.
Cunningham, T. R., & Sinclair, R. (2015). Application of a model for delivering occupational safety and health to smaller businesses: Case studies from the US. Safety Science, 71(100), 213-225. PMid:26300585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.06.011.
Fabiano, B., Currò, F., & Pastorino, R. (2004). A study of the relationship between occupational injuries and firm size and type in the Italian industry. Safety Science, 42(7), 587-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2003.09.003.
Fan, D., Lo, C. K. Y., Ching, V., & Kan, C. W. (2014). Occupational health and safety issues in operations management: A systematic and citation network analysis review. International Journal of Production Economics, 158, 334-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.07.025.
Fernández-Muñiz, B., Montes-Peón, J. M., & Vázquez-Ordás, C. J. (2009). Relation between occupational safety management and firm performance. Safety Science, 47(7), 980-991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.10.022.
Göb, R., Mccollin, C., & Ramalhoto, M. F. (2007). Ordinal methodology in the analysis of Likert scales. Quality & Quantity, 41(5), 601-626. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-007-9089-z.
Gomes, H. P., Arezes, P. M. F. M., & Vasconcellos, L. C. F. (2016). A qualitative analysis on occupational health and safety conditions at small construction projects in the Brazilian construction sector. Dyna (Bilbao), 83(196), 39-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna. v83n196.56607.
Guldenmund, F. W. (2007). The use of questionnaires in safety culture research – an evaluation. Safety Science, 45(6), 723-743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2007.04.006.
Hadjimanolis, A., Boustras, G., Economides, A., Yiannaki, A., & Nicolaides, L. (2015). Work attitudes and safety performance in micro- firms – Results from a nationwide survey: (the opinion of the employees). Safety Science, 80, 135-143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. ssci.2015.07.026.
Hasle, P., & Limborg, H. J. (2006). A review of the literature on preventive occupational health and safety activities in small enterprises. Industrial Health, 44(1), 6-12. PMid:16610525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.44.6.
Hasle, P., Kines, P., & Andersen, L. P. (2009). Small enterprise owners’ accident causation attribution and prevention. Safety Science, 47(1), 9-19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2007.12.005.
International Labour Organization. (2003). Safety in numbers. Geneva: International Labour Office.
Legg, S. J., Olsen, K. B., Laird, I. S., & Hasle, P. (2015). Managing safety in small and medium enterprises. Safety Science, 71, 189-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.11.007.
Lo, C. K. Y., Pagell, M., Fan, D., Wiengarten, F., & Yeung, A. C. L. (2014). OHSAS 18001 certification and operating performance: The role of complexity and coupling. Journal of Operations Management, 32(5), 268-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2014.04.004.
Lortie, M., Nadeau, S., & Vezeau, S. (2016). Holistic sustainable development: Floor-layers and micro-enterprises. Applied Ergonomics, 57, 8-16. PMid:26860740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2016.01.017.
Masi, D., & Cagno, E. (2015). Barriers to OHS interventions in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. Safety Science, 71, 226-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.05.020.
Nadae, J., Galdamez, E. V. C., Carpinetti, L. C., Souza, F. B., & Oliveira, O. J. (2013). Método para desenvolvimento de práticas de gestão integrada em clusters industriais. Production Journal, 24(4), 776-786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132013005000049.
Nielsen, K. J., Kines, P., Pedersen, L. M., Andersen, L. P., & Andersen, D. R. (2015). A multi-case study of the implementation of an integrated approach to safety in small enterprises. Safety Science, 71, 142-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.11.015.
Nowrouzi, B., Gohar, B., Nowrouzi-Kia, B., Garbaczewska, M., Chapovalov, O., Myette-Cote, E., & Carter, L. (2016). Facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises: a descriptive exploratory study in Ontario, Canada. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 22(3), 360-366. PMid:26971744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10803 548.2016.1158591.
Oliveira, O. J., Oliveira, A. B., & Almeida, R. A. (2010). Gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho em empresas produtoras de baterias automotivas: um estudo para identificar boas práticas. Production, 20(3), 481-490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132010005000029.
Olsen, K. B., & Hasle, P. (2015). The role of intermediaries in delivering an occupational health and safety programme designed for small businesses – A case study of an insurance incentive programme in the agriculture sector. Safety Science, 71, 242-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.02.015.
Robson, L. S., Clarke, J. A., Cullen, K., Bielecky, A., Severin, C., Bigelow, P. L., Irvin, E., Culyer, A., & Mahood, Q. (2007). The effectiveness of occupational health and safety management system interventions: a systematic review. Safety Science, 45(3), 329-353. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2006.07.003.
Ross, J. L. S. (org.). (2009). Geografia do Brasil. 6. ed. São Paulo: Editora da Universidade de São Paulo.
Santos, G., Barros, S., Mendes, F., & Lopes, N. (2013). The main benefits associated with health and safety management systems certification in Portuguese small and medium enterprises post quality management system certification. Safety Science, 51(1), 29-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2012.06.014.
Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas. (2015). Anuário do trabalho na micro e pequena empresa: 2015. São Paulo: SEBRAE/DIEESE.
Shalini, R. T. (2009). Economic cost of occupational accidents: evidence from a small island economy. Safety Science, 47(7), 973-979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2008.10.021.
Sinclair, R. C., & Cunningham, T. R. (2014). Safety activities in small businesses. Safety Science, 64, 32-38. PMid:26339124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2013.11.022.
Sørensen, O. H., Hasle, P., & Bach, E. (2007). Working in small enterprises–Is there a special risk? Safety Science, 45(10), 1044-1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2006.09.005.
Tacitano, M., Liung, L. T., & Forte, V. J. (2014). A review on safety and health at work in Brazil: challenges and perspectives in the labour inspection. In: XX World Congress on Safety and Health at Work. Frankfurt: Global Forum for Prevention.
Vitoreli, G. A., Carpinetti, L. C. R., Gerolamo, M. C., Sordan, J. E., & Lima, C. H. B. (2012). Estruturação de um programa de qualificação em gestão da qualidade, segurança e saúde ocupacional: apresentação dos resultados de uma aplicação piloto realizada no aglomerado metal-mecânico de Sertãozinho - São Paulo. Gestão & Produção, 19(4), 689-704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2012000400003.
Whysall, Z., Haslam, C., & Haslam, R. (2006). Implementing health and safety interventions in the workplace: An exploratory study. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 36(9), 809-818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2006.06.007.
Zanko, M., & Dawson, P. (2012). Occupational health and safety management in organizations: A review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(3), 328-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00319.x.
Zhou, Z., Goh, Y. M., & Li, Q. (2015). Overview and analysis of safety management studies in the construction industry. Safety Science, 72, 337-350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2014.10.006.
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email