Production
https://prod.org.br/doi/10.1590/S0103-65132014005000021
Production
Article

Diferenciando as abordagens tradicional e ágil de gerenciamento de projetos

Differentiating traditional and agile project management approaches

Eder, Samuel; Conforto, Edivandro Carlos; Amaral, Daniel Capaldo; Silva, Sergio Luis da

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Resumo

As críticas recentes à teoria tradicional de gerenciamento de projetos resultaram em uma nova abordagem, denominada Gerenciamento Ágil (GAP). A dificuldade em investiga-la é que não há instrumentos de pesquisa capazes de distinguir sua aplicação em organização ou projeto, o que impede correlação com desempenho. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar diferenças críticas capazes de caracterizar o uso do GAP. Iniciou-se com uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática para identificar práticas recomendadas em cada abordagem, decompostas em ações, técnicas e ferramentas. Elas foram comparadas entre si e com ações observadas in loco em dois estudos de caso, incorporados, de empresas com excelência reconhecida no uso de cada abordagem: ágil e tradicional. O resultado foi a identificação de seis características críticas que diferenciam o uso de uma ou outra abordagem. Elas podem ser utilizadas para a elaboração de instrumentos de pesquisa, aumentando a precisão da identificação das abordagens em campo: uma contribuição para que o desempenho do GAP possa ser cientificamente verificado.

Palavras-chave

Administração de projetos. Metodologia do projeto de produtos. Gerenciamento ágil de projetos. Práticas de gerenciamento de projetos.

Abstract

The project management (PM) theory has been criticized, resulting in a new approach known as the Agile Project Management (APM) approach. The assessment of these two approaches is challenging due to the lack of parameters that are available to aid in distinguishing them from one another. The objective of this paper is to identify critical differences between project management practices that are capable of revealing the appropriate project management approach to be adopted by a company. First, a project management practices list was developed and classified according to each approach. Comparing practices that have originated from each approach made it possible to identify the difference regarding how the actions are performed, instead of what tools or techniques are used. Additionally, six main characteristics of project management actions were identified that make it possible to differentiate between the traditional or agile approach in use. This result can be very useful in future research as a guide in the development of more confident approach assessment instruments.

Keywords

Project management. Product design methodology. Agile project management. Project management practices.

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