Modelo para setorizar redes de distribuição de água baseado nas características das unidades consumidoras
Segmentation model for water distribution networks based on the characteristics of consumer units
Fontana, Marcele Elisa; Morais, Danielle Costa
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-65132013005000071
Production, vol.25, n1, p.143-156, 2015
Resumo
Além dos custos diretos, a ocorrência de rupturas na rede de distribuição de água tem sempre consequências sociais associadas, principalmente pela interrupção do abastecimento de água durante a reparação da infraestrutura. Nesses casos, a setorização da rede torna mais fácil qualquer atividade de manutenção. Porém, além do elevado custo da alocação de válvulas de fechamento, as normas brasileiras sobre setorização das redes dizem respeito apenas a questões técnicas que devem ser obedecidas. Portanto, propõe-se uma setorização que também incorpore a intensidade do impacto gerado pela falta de água em cada trecho da tubulação. Para medir esse impacto é proposto um índice de priorização que agrega as características das unidades consumidoras por meio do método multicritério SMARTER. Assim, desenvolve-se um modelo de setorização para manobra que leva em consideração esse índice, buscando a maximização dos benefícios gerados e a minimização do número de válvulas de fechamento.
Palavras-chave
Manutenção de redes de distribuição de água. Setor de manobra. Válvulas de fechamento. Características das unidades consumidoras. SMARTER
Abstract
In addition to incurring direct costs, the occurrence of breaks in a water distribution network always has associated social consequences, mainly related to the interruption of water supply during infrastructure repair. In these cases, network segmentation facilitates maintenance activities. However, the Brazilian norms, about network segmentation, relate only the technical guidelines that must be followed. We therefore propose network segmentation based on the impact intensity caused by a lack of water in each pipe segment. To measure this impact, we propose a priority index that aggregates the characteristics of consumer units by the SMARTER multicriteria method. Taking this index into account, we propose a segmentation model for water distribution networks that seeks to maximize the benefits generated and to minimize the number of isolation valves.
Keywords
Water distribution networks maintenance. Network segmentation. Isolation valves. Characteristics of consumer units. SMARTER
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