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Análise do campo conceitual da engenharia de sistemas cognitivos e proposta de uma nova agenda de pesquisa

Analysis of the conceptual field of cognitive systems engineering and the proposal of a new research agenda

Henriqson, Éder; Saurin, Tarcisio Abreu

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Resumo

Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever a evolução do campo conceitual da Engenharia de Sistemas Cognitivos (ESC), discutir seus fundamentos epistemológicos e verificar a sua coerência com a natureza dos problemas investigados. Para tanto, o trabalho apresenta uma revisão bibliográfica do desenvolvimento histórico desse campo e a caracterização de cinco abordagens comuns nas pesquisas em ESC. Os resultados apontam que os estudos em ESC, via de regra, tomam o indivíduo ou o sistema técnico como unidade de análise, deixando lacunas importantes na investigação de interações entre humano, trabalho e artefatos. Uma nova agenda de pesquisa é proposta tendo como base três premissas: um sistema cognitivo não deve ser interpretado como uma máquina cartesiano-newtoniana, que possui relações evidentes de causa e efeito; um sistema cognitivo não pode ser modelado com precisão e perfeição; a investigação de sistemas cognitivos deve focar em fenômenos emergentes das interações entre humano, trabalho e artefatos tecnológicos.

Palavras-chave

Engenharia de sistemas cognitivos. Sistemas sociotécnicos complexos. Possibilidades de agenda de pesquisa

Abstract

This article aims to describe the evolution of the conceptual field of cognitive systems engineering (CSE), to discuss its epistemological foundations and to verify the coherence of CSE with the nature of the problems that are investigated. Toward this aim, this work presents a literature review of the historical development of CSE and characterizes five common approaches in CSE research. The results indicate that studies in CSE have, as a rule, assumed the individual or the technical system to be the unit of analysis, ignoring important opportunities in the investigation of the interactions among human, work, and artifacts. A new research agenda is proposed based on an analysis of three assumptions: a cognitive system should not be assumed to be a Cartesian-Newtonian machine, which has clear cause-and-effect relationships; a cognitive system cannot be modeled with precision and perfection; and the investigation of cognitive systems should focus on emergent phenomena related to the interactions among human, work, and technological artifacts.

Keywords

gnitive systems engineering. Complex socio-technical systems. Possibilities for a research agenda.

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