The maturity of rail freight logistics service providers in Brazil
Bueno, Adauto Farias; Alencar, Luciana Hazin
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6513.178414
Production, vol.26, n2, p.359-372, 2016
Abstract
This study analyzes the maturity of three rail freight Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) in Brazil in a population of seven operators. After an exploratory review of the existing literature and research documents, a structured questionnaire based on the Supply Chain Capability Maturity Model S(CM)2 was applied. The study measured an overall average level, given in S(CM)2 , as Managed, meaning that the managerial development standard of the logistics agents was at an intermediate level. The results showed that maturity was related to the size of the LSP and the complexity of the organizational management. These findings can support the development of policies and strategies for the improvement and adoption of practices that best lead to gains in competitiveness for both LSPs and the Supply Chains (SCs) that require their services.
Keywords
Supply Chain capability maturity model S(CM)2 . Rail freight. Logistics service providers
References
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Bai, C., & Sarkis, J. (2013). Flexibility in reverse logistics: a framework and evaluation approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 47, 306-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.005.
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Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. (2011, September 6). Normas reguladoras do produto BNDES automático (Circular, Nº 3406). Rio de Janeiro.
Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., & Cooper, M. B. (2009). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Capability Maturity Model Integrated. (2011). Standard CMMI® Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPISM) A (Version 1.3: Method Definition Document) Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University.
Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2009). Supply Chain Management: strategy, planning and operation (4th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Christopher, M. (2007). Logistics & Supply Chain Management: creating value-adding networks (3rd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Colicchia, C., Marchet, G., Melacini, M., & Perotti, S. (2013). Building environmental sustainability: empirical evidence from logistics service providers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 59, 197-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.06.057.
Cooke-Davies, T. J., & Arzymanow, A. (2003). The maturity of project management in different industries: an investigation into variations between project management models. International Journal of Project Management, 21(6), 471-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(02)00084-4.
Crosby, P. B. (1979). Quality is free: the art of making quality certain (Vol. 94). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Daugherty, P. J., Chen, C., & Ferrin, B. C. (2011). Organizational structure and logistics service innovation. International Journal of Logistics Management, 22(1), 26-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574091111127543.
Ellram, L., Tate, W., & Billington, C. (2008). Offshore outsourcing of professional services: a transaction cost economic perspective. Journal of Operations Management, 26(2), 148-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.02.008.
Estampe, D., Lamouri, S., Paris, J., & Brahim-Djelloul, S. (2013). A framework for analysing supply chain performance evaluation models. International Journal of Production Economics, 142(2), 247-258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.11.024.
Flint, D. J., Larsson, E., Gammelgaard, B., & Mentzer, J. T. (2005). Logistics innovation: A customer value-oriented social process. Journal of Business Logistics, 26(1), 113-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2005.tb00196.x.
Forza, C. (2002). Survey research in operations management: a process-based perspective. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(2), 152-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570210414310.
Frederico, G. F., & Martins, R. A. (2012). Model for alignment between performance measurement systems and maturity of Supply Chain Management. Gestão & Produção, 19(4), 857-871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2012000400014.
Fugate, B. S., Mentzer, J. T., & Stank, T. P. (2010). Logistics performance efficiency, effectiveness and differentiation. Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), 43-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00127.x.
Giachetti, R. E. (2010). Design of enterprise systems: theory, architecture, and methods. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Goldenson, D., & Gibson, D. (2003). Demonstrating the impact and benefit of CMMI: an update and preliminary results (Special Report CMU/SEI-2003- SR-009). Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University.
Guarnieri, P., Sobreiro, V. A., Nagano, M. S., & Serrano, A. L. M. (2014). The challenge of selecting and evaluating third-party reverse logistics providers in a multicriteria perspective: a Brazilian case. Journal of Cleaner Production, 1, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.040.
Hofmann, E., & Lampe, K. (2013). Financial statement analysis of logistics service providers: ways of enhancing performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 43(4), 321-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-08-2012-0229.
Huemer, L., & Furlan, A. (2013). Value logic interactions: perspectives on logistics service provider-client relationships. Mercati e Competitivitá, 17(1), 35-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/MC2013-001004.
Kafa, N., Hani, Y., & Mhamedi, A. (2014). A fuzzy multi criteria approach for evaluating sustainability performance of third – party reverse logistics providers. Advances in Production Management Systems, 439, 270-277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44736-9_33.
Knemeyer, M., & Murphy, P. R. (2004). Evaluating the performance of third-party logistics arrangements: a relationship marketing perspective. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 40(1), 35-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2004.tb00254.x.
Kudla, N. L., & Klaas-Wissing, T. (2012). Sustainability in shipper-logistics service provider relationships: A tentative taxonomy based on agency theory and stimulus-response analysis. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 18(4), 218-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2012.04.001.
Lai, K. (2004). Service capability and performance of logistics service providers. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 40(5), 385-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2004.01.002.
Lang, A. E. (2007). As ferrovias no Brasil e avaliação econômica de projetos: uma aplicação em projetos ferroviários. (Dissertação de mestrado). Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília.
Leuschner, R., Carter, C. R., Goldsby, T. J., & Rogers, Z. S. (2014). Third‐party logistics: a meta‐analytic review and investigation of its impact on performance. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 50(1), 21-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12046.
Lieb, K. J., & Lieb, R. C. (2010). Environmental sustainability in the third-party logistics (3PL) industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 40(7), 524-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09600031011071984.
Lieb, R. C., & Lieb, K. J. (2008). Why 3PLs need to build their brand? Supply Chain Management Review, 12(8), 46-52.
Lockamy III, A., & McCormack, K. (2004). The development of a Supply Chain Management process maturity model using the concepts of business process orientation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9(4), 272-278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540410550019.
McCormack, K., Ladeira, M. B., & Oliveira, M. P. V. (2008). Supply chain maturity and performance in Brazil. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 272-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540810882161.
McCormack, K., Willems, J., van den Berg, J., Deschoolmeeter, D., Willaert, P., Štemberger, M. I., Škrinjar, R., Ladeira, M. B., Oliveira, M. P. V., Vuksic, V. B., & Vlahovic, N. (2009). A global investigation of key turning points in business process maturity. Business Process Management Journal, 15(5), 792-815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150910987946.
Miguel, P. A. C., & Ho, L. L. (2012). Levantamento tipo Survey. In P. A. C. Miguel (Coord.), Metodologia de pesquisa em Engenharia de Produção e Gestão de Operações (2nd ed., Série Campus-Abepro). Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Min, H., & Joo, S. J. (2006). Benchmarking the operational efficiency of third party logistics providers using data envelopment analysis. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11(3), 259-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540610662167.
Poirier, C. C., Quinn, F. J., & Swink, M. L. (2009). Diagnosing greatness: ten traits of the best supply chains. Fort Lauderdale: J. Ross Publishing.
Project Management Group. (2003). Boost the bottom line with supply chain best practices. Signals of Performance, 4(1). Retrieved in 10 November 2014, from http://www.pmgunited.com/
Reyes, G. R., & Giachetti, R. (2010). Using experts to develop a supply chain maturity model in Mexico. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 15(6), 415-424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541011080400.
Rossi, C. (2013). Custos logísticos voltam a crescer no País, diz pesquisa. Revista Exame. Retrieved in 5 November 2014, from http://exame.abril.com.br/economia/noticias/custos-logisticos-voltam-a-crescer-no-pais-diz-pesquisa
Stevens, G. C. (1989). Integrating the supply chain. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 19(8), 3-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000329.
Sturm, R., Morris, W., & Jander, M. (2002). Service level agreement. Campus: Rio de Janeiro.
Trkman, P., Ladeira, M. B., Oliveira, M. P. V., & McCormack, K. (2012). Business analytics, process maturity and supply chain performance. In Proceedings of the Business Process Management Workshops. Berlin, Germany.
Vivaldini, M., & Pires, S. R. I. (2010). Operadores logísticos: integrando operações em cadeias de suprimentos. São Paulo: Atlas.
Vivaldini, M., Pires, S., & Souza, F. B. D. (2013). Collaboration and competition between 4PL and 3PL: a study of a fast-food supply chain. Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management, 1(2), 17-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv1n2p17-29.
Wagenstetter, N., Kalogerakis, K., Kersten, W., & Herstatt, C. (2013). A new approach to innovation for logistics service providers based on inventive analogies. In Proceedings of the IEEE Technology Management Conference & 19th ICE Conference. The Hague, The Netherlands.
Wanke, P. F., Arkarder, R., & Hijjar, M. F. (2007). Logistics sophistication, manufacturing segments and the choice of logistics providers. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 27(5), 542-559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570710742401.
Wettstein, T., & Kueng, P. A. (2002). Maturity model for performance measurement systems. Management, Information Systems, 113-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/MIS020111.
Zacharia, Z. G., Sanders, N. R., & Nix, N. W. (2011). The emerging role of the third-party logistics provider (3PL) as an orchestrator. Journal of Business Logistics, 3(1), 40-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2158-1592.2011.01004.x.
Agência Nacional de Transportes Terrestres. (2010b). Anuário Estatístico dos Transportes Terrestres: AETT 2009. Brasília.
Associação Nacional dos Transportadores Ferroviários. (2010). Balanço do Transporte Ferroviário de Cargas 2009: Coletiva de Imprensa. Brasília.
Bai, C., & Sarkis, J. (2013). Flexibility in reverse logistics: a framework and evaluation approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 47, 306-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.005.
Ballou, R. H. (2003). Business logistics: Supply Chain Management (5th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. (2011, September 6). Normas reguladoras do produto BNDES automático (Circular, Nº 3406). Rio de Janeiro.
Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., & Cooper, M. B. (2009). Supply Chain Logistics Management. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Capability Maturity Model Integrated. (2011). Standard CMMI® Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPISM) A (Version 1.3: Method Definition Document) Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University.
Chopra, S., & Meindl, P. (2009). Supply Chain Management: strategy, planning and operation (4th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Christopher, M. (2007). Logistics & Supply Chain Management: creating value-adding networks (3rd ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Colicchia, C., Marchet, G., Melacini, M., & Perotti, S. (2013). Building environmental sustainability: empirical evidence from logistics service providers. Journal of Cleaner Production, 59, 197-209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.06.057.
Cooke-Davies, T. J., & Arzymanow, A. (2003). The maturity of project management in different industries: an investigation into variations between project management models. International Journal of Project Management, 21(6), 471-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0263-7863(02)00084-4.
Crosby, P. B. (1979). Quality is free: the art of making quality certain (Vol. 94). New York: McGraw-Hill.
Daugherty, P. J., Chen, C., & Ferrin, B. C. (2011). Organizational structure and logistics service innovation. International Journal of Logistics Management, 22(1), 26-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09574091111127543.
Ellram, L., Tate, W., & Billington, C. (2008). Offshore outsourcing of professional services: a transaction cost economic perspective. Journal of Operations Management, 26(2), 148-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jom.2007.02.008.
Estampe, D., Lamouri, S., Paris, J., & Brahim-Djelloul, S. (2013). A framework for analysing supply chain performance evaluation models. International Journal of Production Economics, 142(2), 247-258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.11.024.
Flint, D. J., Larsson, E., Gammelgaard, B., & Mentzer, J. T. (2005). Logistics innovation: A customer value-oriented social process. Journal of Business Logistics, 26(1), 113-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2005.tb00196.x.
Forza, C. (2002). Survey research in operations management: a process-based perspective. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 22(2), 152-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570210414310.
Frederico, G. F., & Martins, R. A. (2012). Model for alignment between performance measurement systems and maturity of Supply Chain Management. Gestão & Produção, 19(4), 857-871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-530X2012000400014.
Fugate, B. S., Mentzer, J. T., & Stank, T. P. (2010). Logistics performance efficiency, effectiveness and differentiation. Journal of Business Logistics, 31(1), 43-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2158-1592.2010.tb00127.x.
Giachetti, R. E. (2010). Design of enterprise systems: theory, architecture, and methods. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Goldenson, D., & Gibson, D. (2003). Demonstrating the impact and benefit of CMMI: an update and preliminary results (Special Report CMU/SEI-2003- SR-009). Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University.
Guarnieri, P., Sobreiro, V. A., Nagano, M. S., & Serrano, A. L. M. (2014). The challenge of selecting and evaluating third-party reverse logistics providers in a multicriteria perspective: a Brazilian case. Journal of Cleaner Production, 1, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.05.040.
Hofmann, E., & Lampe, K. (2013). Financial statement analysis of logistics service providers: ways of enhancing performance. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 43(4), 321-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-08-2012-0229.
Huemer, L., & Furlan, A. (2013). Value logic interactions: perspectives on logistics service provider-client relationships. Mercati e Competitivitá, 17(1), 35-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/MC2013-001004.
Kafa, N., Hani, Y., & Mhamedi, A. (2014). A fuzzy multi criteria approach for evaluating sustainability performance of third – party reverse logistics providers. Advances in Production Management Systems, 439, 270-277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44736-9_33.
Knemeyer, M., & Murphy, P. R. (2004). Evaluating the performance of third-party logistics arrangements: a relationship marketing perspective. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 40(1), 35-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-493X.2004.tb00254.x.
Kudla, N. L., & Klaas-Wissing, T. (2012). Sustainability in shipper-logistics service provider relationships: A tentative taxonomy based on agency theory and stimulus-response analysis. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 18(4), 218-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pursup.2012.04.001.
Lai, K. (2004). Service capability and performance of logistics service providers. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 40(5), 385-399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tre.2004.01.002.
Lang, A. E. (2007). As ferrovias no Brasil e avaliação econômica de projetos: uma aplicação em projetos ferroviários. (Dissertação de mestrado). Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília.
Leuschner, R., Carter, C. R., Goldsby, T. J., & Rogers, Z. S. (2014). Third‐party logistics: a meta‐analytic review and investigation of its impact on performance. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 50(1), 21-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jscm.12046.
Lieb, K. J., & Lieb, R. C. (2010). Environmental sustainability in the third-party logistics (3PL) industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 40(7), 524-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09600031011071984.
Lieb, R. C., & Lieb, K. J. (2008). Why 3PLs need to build their brand? Supply Chain Management Review, 12(8), 46-52.
Lockamy III, A., & McCormack, K. (2004). The development of a Supply Chain Management process maturity model using the concepts of business process orientation. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 9(4), 272-278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540410550019.
McCormack, K., Ladeira, M. B., & Oliveira, M. P. V. (2008). Supply chain maturity and performance in Brazil. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 13(4), 272-282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540810882161.
McCormack, K., Willems, J., van den Berg, J., Deschoolmeeter, D., Willaert, P., Štemberger, M. I., Škrinjar, R., Ladeira, M. B., Oliveira, M. P. V., Vuksic, V. B., & Vlahovic, N. (2009). A global investigation of key turning points in business process maturity. Business Process Management Journal, 15(5), 792-815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14637150910987946.
Miguel, P. A. C., & Ho, L. L. (2012). Levantamento tipo Survey. In P. A. C. Miguel (Coord.), Metodologia de pesquisa em Engenharia de Produção e Gestão de Operações (2nd ed., Série Campus-Abepro). Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier.
Min, H., & Joo, S. J. (2006). Benchmarking the operational efficiency of third party logistics providers using data envelopment analysis. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 11(3), 259-265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598540610662167.
Poirier, C. C., Quinn, F. J., & Swink, M. L. (2009). Diagnosing greatness: ten traits of the best supply chains. Fort Lauderdale: J. Ross Publishing.
Project Management Group. (2003). Boost the bottom line with supply chain best practices. Signals of Performance, 4(1). Retrieved in 10 November 2014, from http://www.pmgunited.com/
Reyes, G. R., & Giachetti, R. (2010). Using experts to develop a supply chain maturity model in Mexico. Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 15(6), 415-424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13598541011080400.
Rossi, C. (2013). Custos logísticos voltam a crescer no País, diz pesquisa. Revista Exame. Retrieved in 5 November 2014, from http://exame.abril.com.br/economia/noticias/custos-logisticos-voltam-a-crescer-no-pais-diz-pesquisa
Stevens, G. C. (1989). Integrating the supply chain. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 19(8), 3-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EUM0000000000329.
Sturm, R., Morris, W., & Jander, M. (2002). Service level agreement. Campus: Rio de Janeiro.
Trkman, P., Ladeira, M. B., Oliveira, M. P. V., & McCormack, K. (2012). Business analytics, process maturity and supply chain performance. In Proceedings of the Business Process Management Workshops. Berlin, Germany.
Vivaldini, M., & Pires, S. R. I. (2010). Operadores logísticos: integrando operações em cadeias de suprimentos. São Paulo: Atlas.
Vivaldini, M., Pires, S., & Souza, F. B. D. (2013). Collaboration and competition between 4PL and 3PL: a study of a fast-food supply chain. Journal of Operations and Supply Chain Management, 1(2), 17-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv1n2p17-29.
Wagenstetter, N., Kalogerakis, K., Kersten, W., & Herstatt, C. (2013). A new approach to innovation for logistics service providers based on inventive analogies. In Proceedings of the IEEE Technology Management Conference & 19th ICE Conference. The Hague, The Netherlands.
Wanke, P. F., Arkarder, R., & Hijjar, M. F. (2007). Logistics sophistication, manufacturing segments and the choice of logistics providers. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 27(5), 542-559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570710742401.
Wettstein, T., & Kueng, P. A. (2002). Maturity model for performance measurement systems. Management, Information Systems, 113-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/MIS020111.
Zacharia, Z. G., Sanders, N. R., & Nix, N. W. (2011). The emerging role of the third-party logistics provider (3PL) as an orchestrator. Journal of Business Logistics, 3(1), 40-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2158-1592.2011.01004.x.
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