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https://prod.org.br/doi/10.1590/0103-6513.147513
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Cadeia de suprimentos humanitária: uma análise dos processos de atuação em desastres naturais

Humanitarian supply chain: an analysis of operations in natural disasters

Costa, Sérgio Ricardo Argollo da; Bandeira, Renata Albergaria de Mello; Campos, Vânia Barcelos Gouvêa; Mello, Luiz Carlos Brasil de Brito

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Resumo

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise dos processos logísticos adotados em resposta a seis desastres naturais ocorridos entre 2000 e 2011: Moçambique (2000); Oceano Índico (2004); Paquistão (2005); Haiti (2010); Japão (2011), Brasil (2011). A seleção dos eventos estudados baseou-se na dimensão do seu impacto com relação ao número de fatalidades e ao número de pessoas atingidas. Através de uma análise realizada por meio de dados secundários, foram identificadas as melhores práticas, os problemas ocorridos e principais desafios destas operações humanitárias, de forma a identificar condições comuns aos cenários. Como resultado da análise, são propostas sugestões para aumentar a eficácia e o sucesso do processo logístico em outras operações de resposta humanitária. Este estudo contribui para a identificação de procedimentos que podem servir como base para o desenvolvimento de modelos para respostas mais eficazes em eventos similares.

Palavras-chave

Logística humanitária. Desastres naturais. Operação de resposta.

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis of the logistical processes adopted in response operations to six natural disasters that occurred between 2000 and 2011: Mozambique (2000), Indian Ocean (2004), Pakistan (2005), Haiti (2010), Japan (2011), and Brazil (2011). The selection of the studied events was based on the extent of their impact, considering the number of casualties and the number of victims affected by the disaster. Based on an analysis of secondary data, the best practices, the problems that occurred and the main challenges of these humanitarian operations are identified. As a result, suggestions are proposed to improve the effectiveness and the success rate of the logistics process in other humanitarian response operations. Finally, this study contributes to the identification of procedures that can serve as the basis for the development of more effective models for the response operations of similar events.

Keywords

Humanitarian logistics. Natural disasters. Humanitarian response operations.

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